Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina, located in the region of Europe & Central Asia, is an internationally classified economy with a "Upper middle income" income level. It is home to a demographic force of approximately 3.1 million inhabitants.
From a quantitative perspective, Positioning itself as an export-oriented powerhouse, the export sector represents more than 41.0% of GDP, making it highly sensitive to global trade cycles. In parallel, inflationary pressures have sharply accelerated, marking a differential of +4.1 points in recent years.
Delving deeper into its institutional metrics, The external profile shows vulnerability due to a deep trade deficit, where imports exceed exports by a margin of 13.1% of GDP. A fiscal consolidation effort stands out, achieving a sovereign deleveraging of 7.2 points in its recent history.
Demographically, it faces the structural challenge of an aging workforce, with 22.9% over 65 years old.
Monetary Policy RateInterest rate set by the Central Bank. Determines the base cost of money in the economy.
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10-Year Bond YieldInterest paid by the government to borrow for 10 years. Reflects market confidence in its solvency.
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SpreadInterest rate difference compared to the safe-haven bond (US/Germany). Indicates the country risk premium.
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GDP Evolution (10 years)
$0.03T
+2.13%
Data from 2025
Historical Inflation (CPI)
6.1%
Data from 2023
GDP per Capita
$10,382
YEAR 2025
Unemployment
11.0%
YEAR 2025
Debt to GDP
39.7%
YEAR 2024
Active Population
3.1M
YEAR 2025
Structural Metrics (Hedge Fund)
Population > 65 Years
22.9%
YEAR 2025
Gini IndexMeasures income inequality. 0 is total equality, 100 is extreme inequality.
30.3
YEAR 2021
Exports (% GDP)
41.0%
YEAR 2025
Imports (% GDP)
54.1%
YEAR 2025
FDI (% GDP)Foreign Direct Investment. Foreign capital productively invested in this economy.
2.2%
YEAR 2025
View Raw History (Structured Data)
| Year | GDP (USD) | Growth (%) | Inflation (%) | Unemployment (%) | Debt/GDP (%) | Exports (%GDP) | Imports (%GDP) | FDI (%GDP) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | $32.60B | 2.13 | --- | 11.04 | --- | 41.00 | 54.12 | 2.20 |
| 2024 | $29.74B | 3.23 | --- | 10.69 | 39.74 | 40.70 | 54.06 | 3.38 |
| 2023 | $27.59B | 1.99 | 6.11 | 10.67 | 40.31 | 43.93 | 55.70 | 4.09 |
| 2022 | $24.53B | 4.23 | 14.02 | 12.66 | 41.74 | 48.31 | 61.90 | 3.79 |
| 2021 | $23.67B | 7.39 | 1.98 | 14.90 | 46.97 | 42.82 | 53.92 | 3.24 |
| 2020 | $20.23B | -3.02 | -1.05 | 15.87 | 45.42 | 34.59 | 47.93 | 2.39 |
| 2019 | $20.48B | 2.89 | 0.56 | 15.69 | 44.02 | 40.04 | 54.48 | 2.19 |
| 2018 | $20.48B | 3.83 | 1.42 | 18.40 | 44.89 | 41.98 | 56.45 | 2.94 |
| 2017 | $18.33B | 3.24 | 0.81 | 20.53 | 47.37 | 40.32 | 56.32 | 2.78 |
| 2016 | $17.12B | 3.24 | -1.58 | 25.41 | 52.24 | 35.91 | 52.34 | 1.83 |
